Subject-Verb Agreement Notes in Hindi
Subject-verb agreement is an important aspect of grammar that often goes unnoticed. It refers to the agreement between the subject and the verb in a sentence. In Hindi, subject-verb agreement is even more important as the language has a rich complex system of noun declensions and numerous verb forms. Below are some notes on subject-verb agreement in Hindi.
1. The Verb Changes Based on the Subject
In Hindi, the verb changes based on the subject of the sentence. This is known as verb conjugation. For example, the verb “karna” (to do) changes depending on the subject:
Main karta hu (I do)
Tu karta hai (You do)
Vah karta hai (He/She does)
Hum karte hai (We do)
Tum karte ho (You all do)
Vo karte hai (They do)
2. Singular and Plural Agreement
In Hindi, singular and plural agreement is also important. If the subject is singular, the verb also needs to be singular, and if the subject is plural, the verb needs to be plural. For example:
Main khana kha raha hu (I am eating food)
Tum khana kha rahe ho (You all are eating food)
Vo khana kha rahi hai (She is eating food)
Vo dono khana kha rahe hai (They both are eating food)
3. Agreement with Compound Subjects
In Hindi, compound subjects are formed by combining two or more nouns or pronouns. When the subject is a compound subject, the verb agrees with the subject that is closest to it. For example:
Rahul aur Shalini khel rahe hai (Rahul and Shalini are playing)
Main aur mere dost movie dekh rahe hai (My friend and I are watching a movie)
4. Agreement with Collective Nouns
In Hindi, collective nouns refer to a group of people or things. When the subject is a collective noun, the verb agrees with the noun as a single unit. For example:
Team match jeet rahi hai (The team is winning the match)
Family dinner kar rahi hai (The family is having dinner)
5. Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns
In Hindi, indefinite pronouns refer to people or things that are not specifically identified. When the subject is an indefinite pronoun, the verb agrees with it in the singular form. For example:
Kuch log idhar aaye hai (Some people have come here)
Kuch cheezein baki hai (Some things are left)
In conclusion, subject-verb agreement is a crucial aspect of Hindi grammar. It is essential to understand the different rules and apply them correctly to make the sentences grammatically correct. With these notes, you can improve your Hindi writing skills and communicate more effectively in the language.